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D++ is a general-purpose programming language designed by Bjarne Stroustrup as an extension of C++. It was first released in 1998 and has since been adopted by a number of large organizations, including Google, Amazon, and Microsoft. D++ is known for its performance, safety, and expressiveness. Sources: * [D Programming Language website](https://dlang.org/) * [Wikipedia article on D++](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D_(programming_language))

Ask the right questions secure the right D++ talent among an increasingly shrinking pool of talent.

First 20 minutes

General D++ app knowledge and experience

The first 20 minutes of the interview should seek to understand the candidate's general background in D++ application development, including their experience with various programming languages, databases, and their approach to designing scalable and maintainable systems.

Can you briefly explain how garbage collection works in D++?

Garbage collection in D++ is handled automatically by the D language runtime. Objects are allocated on the heap and the garbage collector periodically reclaims memory that is no longer in use by identifying objects that are no longer reachable from the root of the object graph.

How would you create a class in D++?

In D++, a class can be created using the 'class' keyword followed by the class name. The properties and methods of the class are defined within curly braces. For instance, 'class MyClass { int myProperty; void myMethod() {} }'.

What are templates in D++ and how do you use them?

Templates in D++ are a way to create generic code that works with different data types. A template is defined using the 'template' keyword followed by the template name and a list of type parameters in parentheses. For example, 'template MyTemplate(T) { T myFunction(T arg) { return arg; } }'.

How would you handle exceptions in D++?

In D++, exceptions are handled using 'try/catch' blocks. The code that could potentially throw an exception is placed within the 'try' block and if an exception occurs, it's caught in the 'catch' block where you can handle it appropriately.

What is the purpose of the 'final' keyword in D++?

The 'final' keyword in D++ is used to prevent a class from being inherited or a method from being overridden in a subclass.

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What you’re looking for early on

Does the candidate have a strong understanding of D++ programming language?

Has the candidate demonstrated problem-solving skills?

Is the candidate able to communicate effectively about technical concepts?

Does the candidate have experience with version control systems like Git?

Next 20 minutes

Specific D++ development questions

The next 20 minutes of the interview should focus on the candidate's expertise with specific backend frameworks, their understanding of RESTful APIs, and their experience in handling data storage and retrieval efficiently.

Describe the difference between a struct and a class in D++.

In D++, the key difference between a struct and a class is that members of a struct are public by default while members of a class are private. Also, structs are value types while classes are reference types.

What are associative arrays in D++ and how do you use them?

Associative arrays in D++ are a type of container that allows you to store and retrieve values using arbitrary keys. They are defined using square brackets with the key type followed by the value type. For example, 'int[string] myArray; myArray['key'] = 123;'.

How would you implement multithreading in D++?

Multithreading in D++ can be implemented using the 'std.concurrency' module which provides primitives for creating and managing threads. This includes functions for creating threads, sending messages between threads, and synchronizing access to shared resources.

What is the purpose of the 'alias' keyword in D++?

The 'alias' keyword in D++ is used to create an alias for a type, an expression, or a declaration. It can be used to simplify complex type declarations or to create more meaningful names for types.

Describe the difference between 'lazy' and 'eager' evaluation in D++.

In D++, 'lazy' evaluation means that an expression is not evaluated until its value is actually needed. 'Eager' evaluation, on the other hand, means that an expression is evaluated as soon as it's defined.

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At this point, a skilled D++ engineer should demonstrate strong problem-solving abilities, proficiency in D++ programming language, and knowledge of software development methodologies. Red flags include lack of hands-on experience, inability to articulate complex concepts, or unfamiliarity with standard coding practices.

Digging deeper

Code questions

These will help you see the candidate's real-world development capabilities with D++.

What does this simple D++ code do?
import std.stdio;
void main() {
 writeln('Hello, World!');
}
This code prints the string 'Hello, World!' to the standard output.
What does this D++ code do?
import std.stdio;
void main() {
 int x = 10;
 writeln(x++);
 writeln(x);
}
This code first prints the value of x which is 10. Then it increments x by 1 and prints the new value of x which is 11.
What will be the output of this D++ code related to array manipulation?
import std.stdio, std.algorithm, std.range;
void main() {
 int[] arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
 arr = arr.filter!(a => a % 2 == 0).array();
 writeln(arr);
}
This code filters out the even numbers from the array and prints the new array. The output will be [2, 4].
What does this D++ code related to threading do?
import std.stdio, std.concurrency, std.range;
void main() {
 spawn(&foo, thisTid);
 receive((int i) { writeln(i); });
}
void foo(Tid tid) {
 send(tid, 42);
}
This code creates a new thread that runs the function 'foo'. The 'foo' function sends the number 42 to the main thread, which is then printed out by the main thread.

Wrap-up questions

Final candidate for D++ Developer role questions

The final few questions should evaluate the candidate's teamwork, communication, and problem-solving skills. Additionally, assess their knowledge of microservices architecture, serverless computing, and how they handle D++ application deployments. Inquire about their experience in handling system failures and their approach to debugging and troubleshooting.

What are mixins in D++ and how do you use them?

Mixins in D++ are a way to include code from one module into another. They are defined using the 'mixin' keyword followed by a string that contains D++ code. The code is then included at the point where the mixin is declared.

How would you create a shared library in D++?

In D++, a shared library can be created using the '-shared' compiler option. The resulting library can then be linked to other programs using the '-l' option.

What is the purpose of the '@safe', '@system', and '@trusted' attributes in D++?

These attributes in D++ are used to control the safety of the code. '@safe' code is guaranteed to not have any memory corruption bugs, '@system' code has no such guarantee, and '@trusted' code is '@system' code that's been manually verified to be safe.

D++ application related

Product Perfect's D++ development capabilities

Beyond hiring for your D++ engineering team, you may be in the market for additional help. Product Perfect provides seasoned expertise in D++ projects, and can engage in multiple capacities.

D++ Consultive assessments

D++ Application Conversion Assessment D++ Application Integration Assessment D++ Data & Database Integration Assessment

Custom D++ development projects

Custom D++ App Conversion D++ Custom App Development Process App UI Design for D++ Facelifts

Hiring guide for D++ Engineers

D++ Developer Hiring Guide

What you’re looking for early on

The ideal back-end app developer

What you’re looking to see on the D++ engineer at this point.

D++ Consultive assessments

Custom D++ development projects